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United Nations Declaration of
Human Rights
Article
1.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with
reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. |
Article
2.
1. Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedom set forth in this declaration,
without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political
or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
2. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional
or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether
this territory be an independent, Trust, Non Self-Governing territory, or under any other
limitation of sovereignty. |
Article
3.
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and the security of person. |
Article
4.
No-one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be
prohibited in all their forms. |
Article
5.
No-one shall be subject to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or
punishment. |
Article
6.
Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. |
Article
7.
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal
protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in
violation of this declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination. |
Article
8.
Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts
violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law. |
Article
9.
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. |
Article
10.
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and
impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal
charge against him. |
Article
11.
1. Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until
proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees
necessary for his defence.
2. No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission
which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time
when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was
applicable at the time the penal offence was committed. |
Article
12.
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family home or
correspondence, not to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to
the protection of the law against such interference or attacks. |
Article
13.
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each
state.
2. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his
country. |
Article
14.
1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.
2. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecution genuinely arising from non
political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United
Nations. |
Article
15.
1. Everyone has the right to a nationality.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality or denied the right to change
his nationality. |
Article
16.
1. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion,
have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to
marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.
2. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending
spouses.
3. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to
protection by society and the state. |
Article
17.
1. Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property. |
Article
18.
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes
freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with
others and public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice,
worship and observance. |
Article
19.
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom
to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and
ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. |
Article
20.
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.
2. No one may be compelled to belong to an association. |
Article
21.
1. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or
through freely chosen representatives.
2. Everyone has the right of equal access to public service in his country.
3. The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will
shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal
suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures. |
Article
22.
Everyone as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to
realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with
the organization and resources of each state, of the economic, social and cultural rights
indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality. |
Article
23.
1. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable
conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.
2. Everyone , without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work.
3. Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration, ensuring for
himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if
necessary, by other means of social protection.
4. Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his
interests. |
Article
24.
Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working
hours and periodic holidays with pay. |
Article
25.
1. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well being
of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and
necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment,
sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances
beyond his control.
2. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children,
whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.. |
Article
26.
Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary
and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and
professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be
equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.
2. Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the
strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote
understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and
shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.
3. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their
children. |
Article
27.
1. Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to
enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting
from any scientific literary or artistic production of which he is the author. |
Article
28.
Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms
set forth in this declaration can be fully realized. |
Article
29.
1. Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of
his personality is possible.
2. In the exercise of his rights and freedom, everyone shall be subject only to such
limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition
and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of
morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.
3. These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and
principles of the United Nations. |
Article
30.
Nothing in this declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person
any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any
of the rights and freedoms set forth herein. |
